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Library>China ABC>Education>Introduction

Special Education and Vocational Education

In China, the government has always attached importance to special education. A series of laws and regulations ensures disabled people’s right to education. Besides schools for special education, any disabled children capable of adapting to regular study conditions can enroll at standard
elementary and high schools.

By the end of 2005, China had 1,593 schools for special education, with 364,000 students; 1,078 vocational education and training institutes for disabled people and 2,257 standard vocational training institutes admitting 570,000 disabled people; and 145 secondary vocational education institutes
with 11,259 students. Since 1979, more than 30,000 disabled people have been enrolled in ordinary colleges and universities. In 2005, of disabled children receiving special education, 62.1 percent of total recruitment numbers and 65.4 percent of enrollment were in ordinary schools or special
classes thereof.

The Law on Vocational Education was issued in 1996. Vocational education embraces higher vocational schools, secondary technical schools, technical schools, vocational high schools, pre-job training centers and other adult skill schools and social training institutes. So that the sector can better
meet the needs of economic restructuring and urbanization, in recent years the government, with employability as priority, has remodeled vocational education, focusing on two major vocational education projects to satisfy society’s ever more acute demand for high-quality, skilled workers. These
are cultivating skilled workers urgently needed in modern manufacture and service industries; and training rural labor moving to urban areas. To accelerate vocational education in western regions, the Central Government has used government bonds to build 186 vocational education centers in
impoverished western area counties.

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Library>China ABC>Economy>Tourism & Transportation

Tourist Services

The fast development of China’s transport infrastructure provides guaranteed and convenient transportation for overseas and domestic tourists. Throughout China a great many hotels and restaurants have been constructed, renovated or expanded to satisfy all levels of requirement, and there are now
more than 10,000 hotels with star ratings. All large or medium-sized cities and scenic spots have hotels with complete facilities and services for both domestic and international visitors.

China has about 1,400 international travel agencies, over 250 of them in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing. In June, 2003, the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA) and the Ministry of Commerce put forth a joint Interim Regulations on the Establishment of Foreign-Holding or
Foreign-Funded Travel Agencies. On July 18, 2003, the China National Travel Administration approved the registration of the JALPAK International China Co. Ltd. as the first foreign-funded travel company to enter China’s tourist market. The company has started operations in Beijing, mainly handling
the travel business of Japanese tourists in China. On December 1, 2003, the first overseas-controlled joint venture in China’s tourism industry — TUI China Travel Company — was formally established in Beijing. The holding party is the largest European travel group TUI and Martin Buese China
Limited. Their Chinese partner is China Travel Service that has a network of over 300 local offices.

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Library>China ABC>Religion>Catholic Churches

Catholic Churches in Beijing

When Christianity was introduced to China, it first secured its foothold in Beijing. Beijing became the first propaganda center of Catholicism.

Due to much trust and attention from the royalty, missionaries, mainly Jesuits, were allowed to build churches here. At present there are eight Catholic churches that belong to the Beijing parish. They are the Eastern Church, Western Church, Southern Church, Northern Church, St. Michael’s Church,
Nangangzi Church, Pingfang Church and Dongguantou Church. Nine other churches are in the suburb.

As Catholicism originated in western countries, the churches in Beijing resemble western ones in terms of architectural style. Most of them are Romanesque and Gothic architectures. According to Chinese custom of making important architectures face southward, most Catholic churches in Beijing face
south (while western churches face east). Because of the ascending trend brought by Gothic architecture’s towering spire and forceful pointed arches inside and the priest’s mysterious voice brought by the purposive long reverberation, Gothic architecture gained special favors from wrights of the
churches, and affected the architectural style of quite a few churches.

Catholicism embraces the Madonna. There are Virgin Mary hills or Virgin Mary pavilions constructed for her outside each Catholic church. These so-called hills are rockeries that are peculiar to Chinese gardens.

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